Chiapas: Enrique Peña Nieto’s visit creates conflict in Zinacantán

The residents of the Navenchuac community (Zinacantán municipality), where President Enrique Peña Nieto led an act on 19 April for the so-called Crusade Against Hunger, recalled the municipal agent Antonio Pérez Gómez by means of popular assembly, with his having been accused of not having reported on the destination of the economic resources received for the transport of persons and works.

“The problem began when the people asked the municipal agent where he had left the money he had received to feed the residents during the president’s visit, and since he denied having received any such money, the assembly decided to call the mayor, José Sánchez de la Cruz, who confirmed that Pérez Gómez had received ten thousand pesos, and that he would also give another ten thousand,”  noted the residents of the community.

The protestors say it is necessary that the governor call the mayor to accounts, given that he has not reported on the amount of resources received by President Enrique Peña Nieto following his visit to the Navenchuac community.  They indicated that “what is known in the community is that the mayor and his agent have received much money [unclear how much] so as to give to the people of the communities during the act, but the only actual beneficiaries were members of the Green Ecologist Party of Mexico, who received 200 pesos cash each, as well as chicken to eat,” but others “did not even receive soda.”

“We know that the President left money after his visit [...] which was only received by those who are close to him, a total of 1.2 million pesos, also for productive projects that were advanced in a very discreet and personal manner.  There supposedly are agents who had access to this reunion which had 16 million at its disposal, and this has not been reported either to the municipality or to municipal agents,” noted the protestors.

For more information (in Spanish):

Dinero dejado por Peña Nieto para obras y acarreo, genera pleito en Navenchauc, Mirada Sur, 7 de mayo de 2013

Acusan a edil de Zinacantán, Diario de Chiapas, 7 de mayo de 2013

Presidente de Zinacantán se quedó con toda la paga, Noticias, 2 de mayo de 2013

For more information from SIPAZ (in English):

National/Chiapas: EPN in Navenchauc, Zinacantán launches actions for the National Crusade against Hunger (22 April 2013)

National: Communiqué by the All Rights for All Network on the occasion of its 44th National Assembly

On 13 and 14 October, the National Network of Civil Human Rights Organizations “All Rights for All” carried out its 44th National Assembly in Tlapa de Comomfort, Guerrero, in which participated representatives from 73 organizations hailing from 21 states of the country.

Upon concluding the meeting, participants published a pronunciation to condemn the federal government of Felipe Calderón for “60 thousand deaths, a number that by ratio is larger than that which occurred during the Guatemalan civil war, in addition to thousands of disappeared which surpass the number from the Dirty War, thousands of internally displaced by violence; a massive increase in torture as method of investigation and punishment; attacks on the human rights of women and increasing feminicide; a policy of security that on the one hand criminalizes migration, thus generating large dividends for the trafficking of persons and exacerbating insecurity throughout large regions, and that on the other has created a siege and civil war throughout many parts, on the parts of soldiers and criminal groups, that lacks any sense of rationality and that has no end in sight.”

The document also criticizes the coming administration of Enrique Peña Nieto, because “he should be facing criminal charges at the least for the events of Atenco in 2006.  He is two months from taking office, thanks to the irresponsibility of the judicial power and the submission of the administration of justice to political power.”

Regardless, against this threatening panorama, the Network recognized the organizational efforts of different groups from civil society which would build a more democratic and just country.  Lastly, the Network confirmed its commitment to continuing the work of defending and promoting human rights.

For more information (in Spanish):

Pronunciamiento completo de la RedTdT en la marco de su XLIV Asamblea (Red Tdt, 14 de octubre de 2012)

Chiapas: protests in several municipalities against the taking of office by new commissioners

Motozintla (@chacatorex.com.mx)

On Sunday 30 September, the mayors who were elected on 1 July were to take office, though this transition did not occur without incident in Motozintla, Chicomuselo, Bejucal de Ocampo, Frontera Comalapa, Mazapa de Madero, Villacorzo, Cintalapa, Tila, and Las Rosas.

The situation of violence took place in the Motozintla municipality where sympathizers of the PRD-PT-Citizens Movement coalition set fire to public buildings (including the City Hall and prison), beyond attacking patrols to protest the failure of the Electoral Tribunal of Judicial Power, which ruled in favor of Oscar Galindo (PVEM).  They also released 80 prisoners from the jail, although 40 of these were subsequently recaptured, many of them of their own volition.  The Chiapas state-government detained 31 persons after the disturbances.  Milenio journalists denounced on their part that they were attacked by 10 state police after taking photos of the burning city hall in Motozintla, as of other buildings.

In the nearby municipality of Chicomuselo, where the Trife handed victory to the PVEM candidate when the Institute for Elections and Citizen Participation in Chiapas had already recognized the victory of the PRD candidate, another patrol was set alight.  The mayor was kidnapped by sympathizers of the PRD candidate.  In Frontera Comalapa and Bejucal de Ocampo the mayors were also taken forcibly by left-wing militants.

In San Fernando, PRI militants kidnapped the mayor to protest against the mayor-elect (PVEM), whom they accuse of pertaining to a family that has been in power from one election to the next.  These militants were met with tear gas.

On the Petalcingo highway, a roadblock was maintained, and PRI members set fire to the home of Limberg Gutiérrez, the father of the mayor-elect of Tila, Limberg Gregorio Gutiérrez Gómez (PVEM), who is to take power from his wife, Sandra Luz Cruz Espinosa.

Another series of conflicts and blockaders occurred to protest the exiting administrations.  In Villacorzo, the mayor was taken in a home together with some of her assistants by municipal workers who demand that their wages and benefits be paid.  In Tapachula, the PAN official Karla Selene de la Cruz denounced that she was assaulted by the secretary of city hall, following her demand that her salaries in arrears be paid.  On 28 September, indigenous persons from San Juan Chamula blockaded the highway between San Cristóbal de las Casas and Tuxtla Gutiérrez to demand the payment of debt in their municipality, as well as the ending of different work-projects.  Municipal and transit police as well the Civil Protection force of Teopisca went on strike, blockading the highway between San Cristóbal de las Casas and Comitán for eight hours, to protest their not being paid.

For more information (in Spanish):

Opositores a edil electo de Motozintla provocan incendios y liberan presos (La Jornada, 2 de octubre de 2012)

Presidencia en ruinas (Cuarto Poder, 2 de octubre de 2012)
Chiapas: queman alcaldía y 2 patrullas por conflicto electoral en Motozintla (la Jornada, 1ero de octubre de 2012)

Conflicto poselectoral en Chiapas: toman alcaldías, queman patrullas y liberan a reos (Proceso, 1ero de octubre de 2012)

Recapturan a 40 reos liberados en Motozintla (El Universal, 1ero de octubre de 2012)

Al menos 31 detenidos por disturbios: secretario de Gobierno de Chiapas (Milenio, 1ero de octubre de 2012)

Chiapas: incendian casa del padre de edil electo (La Jornada, 30 de septiembre de 2012)

For more information from SIPAZ (in English):

Chiapas: elections in Chiapas; PRI-Green Alliance wins (10 July 2012)

Oaxaca/National: Second National Convention against Imposition

On 22 and 23 September 2012, members of the #IAm132 movement and representatives of different civil and social organizations carried out a Second National Convention against Imposition in Oaxaca de Juárez, during which they discussed a plan of action to prevent the accession of the PRI’s Enrique Peña Nieto (EPN) to the presidency.  The Convention agreed to carry out a mass-mobilization in Mexico City, if it is that EPN does take power.  In the meantime, there will be held a sit-in in the federal Congress against the proposed labor reform and several other marches and public acts, some of them directed against the Executive and legislative branches, and others against communication media.  It was agreed that there will be observed a day of national mourning on 2 November, to remember the 80,000 who have been killed by the war on organized crime launched by the Calderón administration, in addition to the “death of democracy” following the failure of the Electoral Tribunal regarding the results of the presidential election.  Finally, there was made a call for a third National Convention against Imposition, to be held on 2-3 December in Mexico City, with the location still to be announced.

In the event participated 280 organizations and collectives in resistance hailing from 20 states, with a total of 1534 registered participants.  These include #IAm132, the Front of Peoples in Defense of the Land from San Salvador Atenco, the National Coordination of Educational Workers (in particular the Section 22 of the Oaxacan union), the Mexican Union of Electricians (SME), and the Movement for National Regeneration (MORENA), among others.

In the event, it was also agreed that there would be made a call for the appearance of Aleph Jiménez, a member of #IAm132 from Ensenada, Baja California, who has been disappeared since 20 September, having previously participated as spokesperson in the national assembly of this movement.  Before his disappearance, he had expressed concern regarding the surveillance to which he had been subjected.  He was one of hte activists that the municipal police of Ensenada detained on the night of 15 September, for having protested peacefully against the 1 July presidential election.  Five days later, he reappeared in Mexico City, where he met with the National Commission on Human Rights (CNDH) to denounce presumed violations of his human rights.

For more information (in Spanish):

Pacta la CNI actos para denunciar abusos del gobierno y su rechazo a Peña Nieto (La Jornada, 24 de septiembre de 2012)

Anuncia #YoSoy132 movilizaciones contra la imposición (Proceso, 23 de septiembre de 2012)

Convencionistas ante la ‘imposición’ definen plan contra reforma laboral (La Jornada, 23 de septiembre de 2012)

Acción Urgente por la desaparición de vocero de #YoSoy132 (RedTdt, 24 de septiembre de 2012)

Vocero de #YoSoy132 desaparecido reveló que “lo seguían” (Proceso, 23 de septiembre de 2012)

For more information from SIPAZ (in English):

National: Reactions to the recognition of EPN’s electoral victory (18 September 2012)

Oaxaca: Protests against “imposition,” detention, and torture (25 July 2012)

National: “National Convention against Imposition” in Atenco (25 July 2012)

National: In the presidential elections, a controversial electoral process and results (10 July 2012)

National: Reactions to the recognition of EPN’s electoral victory

Handing over of document confirming the PRI’s victory (http://www.enriquepenanieto.com/)

On 31 August 2012, Enrique Peña Nieto, candidate for the coalition Commitment to Mexico which is comprised of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) and the Green Ecological Party of Mexico (PVEM), received notice that he was officially accredited president-elect, following the validation by the Judicial Electoral Tribunal of the Federation (TEPJF) of the 1 July election.  He will take office as president on 1 December of this year.  In this way, the TEPFJ unanimously rejected the denunciations brought forward by leftwing parties to invalidate the presidential election.  Surrounding the Tribunal were more than 500 federal police, who protected the center from behind sandbags.

In light of the TEPJF’s decision, the reactions came quickly.  Both the Progressive Movement, led by Andrés Manuel López Obrador (AMLO, candidate for the leftwing parties in the July election), and social movements (#IAm132 in particular) and civil organizations rejected the failure of the magistrates.  Thousands of persons took to the streets of Mexico City to protest and surround the TEPJF center in protest.

AMLO called for a mobilization on 9 September in the Zócalo of the capital so as to discuss steps moving forward.  He declared, “Hopefully it will be understood in this way how they defend the regime of corruption, while we are prepared to abolish this.  We will not sign any cease-fire, nor will be concede anything, even though they continue to attack us, accusing us of being bad losers, messianic madmen, or just hungry for power.”

For his part, President Felipe Calderón congratulated EPN and wished him the best successes as Executive.  PAN members said for their part that they did not support AMLO with his demands, but they will call for transparency in election (in particular, that the IFE resolve the two complaints regarding the Monex case).

Similarly, PRI representatives called for resolutions to be observed.  EPN himself gave a speech in the center of the Electoral Tribunal affirming that legality is fundamental for democratic governance, and that all candidates should have to respect this.

For more information (in Spanish):

“Es tiempo de iniciar una nueva etapa”, dice Enrique Peña Nieto (CNN México, 31 de agosto de 2012)

“No puedo aceptar el fallo del Tribunal Electoral”: López Obrador (CNN México, 31 de agosto de 2012)

Condenan representantes de la izquierda fallo del TEPJF (Proceso, 31 de agosto de 2012)

Panistas piden continuar pesquisas de caso Monex (El Universal, 1 de septiembre de 2012)

Comicios irregulares no pueden ser legítimos, dice #YoSoy132 (La Jornada, 1 de septiembre de 2012)

For more information from SIPAZ (in English):

Oaxaca: Protests against “imposition,” detention, and torture (25 July 2012)

National: “National Convention against Imposition” in Atenco (25 July 2012)

National: In the presidential elections, a controversial electoral process and results (10 July 2012)

National: Symbolical 24-hour occupation of Televisa

On 26 July, during 24 hours, thousands of members of the movement #IAm132, workers from the National Electricians’ Union (SME),and the Front of Peoples in Defense of the Land from San Salvador Atenco, together with individuals from other social organizations, undertook a symbolic blockade at the offices of Televisa Chapultepec, some hours before the opening of the TV transmission of the Olympic Games in London.  The action is a one of those agreed upon during the National Convention against Imposition, held on 15-16 July in Atenco, where a plan of action was declared toward the end of preventing Enrique Peña Nieto (EPN) from assuming the presidency.  The peaceful action amounted to a rejection of the informational policies of the firm, which seeks to impose EPN as president, according to the crowd during the day of action.  Another of the demands expressed by those in attendance was for the democratization of media.  The cry of thousands was clear: “We are blockading this TV of lies so that they never return.”  They recalled that they had undertaken a struggle in the streets so that the following not be forgotten: the previous student mobilizations of 1968,1971, and1999; the massacre of Aguas Blancas in Guerrero; the abuses in Chiapas; and the electoral fraud and the dismantled barricades of Atenco and Oaxaca. The #IAm132 movement called on the people to organize itself: “This will be the first step, and it should begin in communities, schools, plazas, milpas, and neighborhoods.”

In the manifesto addressing the people of Mexico, six points of action were proposed, including the democratization of media and the reform of health and educational systems, stressing that “Televisa and TV Azteca are merely the most visible principle instrument of the oligarchy that rules over this country, the existing powers which with their interests impose and break governance.  These are firms that produce and distribute manipulated and confused information so that the public be fed knowledge that is convenient to the political-economic regime, so as to impose on the administration which executes neoliberal capitalist projects, national and international.”

The human blockade allowed workers to leave the media offices, where chiefs, conductors, editors, and the majority of journalists remained, so as to continue the transmission, even if some editors work night shifts.  They also reported that a provisional study was taken in the alternative center, and that those who remained at the blockade in Chapultepec developed links.

For more information (in Spanish):

#YoSoy132 y organizaciones sociales, campesinas, ciudadanas y sindicales inician bloqueo a televisora “de la mentira” (EDUCA, 27 de julio de 2012)

Plantean toma de televisora (El Universal, 16 de julio de 2012)

#YoSoy132 convoca a luchar por la transformación del país (La Jornada, 27 de julio de 2012)

Contingente llega a Televisa para realizar “toma pacífica” de 24 horas(Proceso, 26 de julio de 2012)

Atrapa atención mundial toma simbólica de Televisa (Proceso, 28 de julio de 2012)

Finaliza toma simbólica de Televisa; “es un hecho histórico”, dice #YoSoy132 (Animal Político, 28 de julio de 2012)

Televisa y su ‘Plan B’ ante toma simbólica de #YoSoy132 (Vanguardia, 27 de julio de 2012)

Contingentes se congregan para ”toma” de Televisa (Informador, 26 de julio de 2012)

For more information from SIPAZ (in English):

Oaxaca: Protests against “imposition,” detention, and torture (25 July 2012)

National: “National Convention against Imposition” in Atenco (25 July 2012)

National: In the presidential elections, a controversial electoral process and results (10 July 2012)

Oaxaca: Protests against “imposition,” detentions, and torture

Image of the march in Oaxaca @ oaxacaenpiedelucha.info

In observation of the mobilizations agreed upon at the “National Convention against Imposition” on 14 and 15 July in San Salvador Atenco to protest Enrique Peña Nieto–ones that were carried out on 22 July in several states of the country–several protestors were arrested in Oaxaca de Juárez.  State police detained David Venegas, “El Alebrije,” just before the end of the “March against imposition” organized by #IAm132.  Members of this movement sought to mobilize against this arrest, and for this reason they were beaten and subjected to tear gas, with 24 others being arrested, all of whom were released on 22 July, like David Venegas.  Human-rights organizations indicated, based on testimony received, that during the arrests there was psychological and physical torture as well as beatings, with some youth being subjected to electric shocks, in addition to death-threats and rape threats, sexual assault, and robbery.  It should be mentioned that the events occurred amidst the Guelaguetza festivities, this being the most important Oaxacan celebration, and two months previous to the “Second National Convention against Imposition,” which is planned to be held in Oaxaca.

In León (Guanajuato), six members of the #IAm132 movement were similarly arrested during mobilizations “against imposition” on 22 July.  They were released 18 hours later, in accordance with journalistic accounts.

For more information (in Spanish):

La Jornada: Detienen en Oaxaca y Guanajuato a por lo menos 31 integrantes de #YoSoy132 (23/07/2012)

La Jornada: Manifestantes exigen la anulación de los comicios(23/07/2012)

La Jornada: Excarcelan a detenidos en León y Oaxaca (24/07/2012)

OPL: Entrevista con David Venegas

Boletín de CODIGO-DH: Sigue criminalización contra jóvenes de YoSoy132, ayer 25 detenidos en Oaxaca

Comunicado de Barca-DH e Iniciativa Ciudadana Oaxaca

For more information from SIPAZ (in English):

National: “National Convention against Imposition” in Atenco (25 July 2012)

National: In the presidential elections, a controversial electoral process and results (10 July 2012)

National: “National Convention against Imposition” in Atenco

Invitation to the Convention @ convencionnacional2012.blogspot.mx

On 14 and 15 July, there was held the first “National Convention against Imposition” in San Salvador Atenco, Mexico state.  Organized by the #IAm132 movement and the Front of Peoples in Defense of the Land (FPDT), among other organizations, the meeting brought together more than 2,600 persons from nearly 500 organizations hailing from 28 states of the Republic, in accordance with information provided by the organizers.   The Convention sought to give space for activities to “impede that Enrique Peña Nieto take up the office of the presidency” of the Republic on 1 December.  Among the proposals discussed toward this end, there is a national march in Mexico City on 22 July, the taking of Televisa on 27 July, as well as a boycott of corporations “that collaborated with the [electoral] fraud.”  Furthermore, it was agreed that there would be held a second convention in Oaxaca on 22 and 23 September.  For their part, members of #IAm132 reported that they would analyze in their local assemblies the actions approved in Atenco and later define their degree participation.  Meanwhile, the national leadership of the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) distanced itself from the activities that took place at the convention.

For more information (in Spanish):

Página de la Convención Nacional contra la Imposición

La Jornada: Movilización nacional contra el “fraude”, acuerdan en Atenco (16/07/2012)

La Jornada: Se deslinda el CEN del PRD del plan anunciado en San Salvador Atenco (17/07/2012)

La Jornada: Analizan en asambleas locales acciones aprobadas en Atenco (17/07/2012)

For more information from SIPAZ (in English):

National: In the presidential elections, a controversial electoral process and results (10 July 2012)

Chiapas: elections in Chiapas; PRI-Green Alliance wins

1 July 2012 in SCLC (@SIPAZ)

On 1 July, beyond the presidential elections, the citizens of Chiapas also voted to elect a new governor, 122 mayors, and 41 local deputies.  Perhaps for the same reason that the local elections to choose mayors are the most popular, these elections saw a participation rate of 63%, an unprecedented percentage for the state.  Nonetheless, nearly 5% of the total were null votes.

Manuel Velasco Coello, candidate for the coalition Chiapas Unites Us (PRI-Green-PANAL), won the gubernatorial elections with a clear majority, giving the Green Ecological Party of Mexico its first governorship in history.  Some 58% of voters went for Velasco Coello, 23% for the PRD candidate María Elena Orantes, 12% for the PAN candidate Emmanuel Nivón, and 7% for Marcela Bonilla (POCh).  The statistics may not be final yet, given that the votes continue to be processed; regardless, the victory for Velasco Coello is clear.

The PRI-Green coalition, beyond winning the governorship, also obtained two offices of the Senate (Roberto Albores Gleason and Luis Armando Melgar), 12 federal deputy-ships, 24 offices in the local congress, and 90 of 122 municipalities.  The forces of the PRI and the PVEM will dominate the Chiapas congress, followed then by the PRD-PT-Progressive Movement alliance, with the PAN in third place.

In the presidential election, 11 of the 12 federal electoral districts went to the PRI in alliance with the PVEM, such that the alliance comprised of the PRD, PT, and the Citizens’ Movement won only district IX in Tuxtla Gutiérrez, the state capital.

These elections saw several incidents that made the state one of the most conflictive at the national level.  In Rincón Chamula, in Pueblo Nuevo Solistahuacán, PRI and PVEM sympathizers (in the municipal elections the two parties were separate) engaged in confrontations with firearms, leaving 3 dead, 3 injured, and several electoral booths burned to the ground.  In San Andrés Duraznal, three ballot packets were burned.  José Luis Zebadúa Maza, leader of the IEPC (the General Council of the Institute on Elections and Citizen Participation), minimized these electoral happenings.  Regardless, workers in the same organism denounced several other irregularities to the press.  Members of #IAm132 also have reported on several irregularities since the beginning of election day.

Beyond this, Rafael Hernández Soriano, representative of the PRD before the IEPC, challenged the functioning of the firm Proisi Group, as contracted by the PREP.  He indicated that the “failures” of the system that were registered by the end of the night on Sunday generated uncertainty and lack of confidence toward the local electoral process.  He noted that the firm in the north of the country and the program have not produced the wanted results; he calls on the IEPC and its advisors to be transparent in their contract with the company that could imply the spending of more than 100 million pesos.

For more information (in Spanish):

Programa de Resultados Electorales Preliminares (PREP)-Resultados completos (gobernador, diputados y ayuntamientos)

Obtiene PRI gubernatura y nueve diputaciones en Chiapas (Proceso, 2 de julio de 2012)

Por primera vez, aspirante del Verde obtiene Chiapas (El Universal, 2 de julio de 2012)

Reportan quema de papelería electoral en Mazatán, Chiapas (La Jornada, 2 de julio de 2012)

Oaxaca: Protests outside the Fepade due to lack of ballots in special booths

1 July, Oaxaca @ Noticiasnet.mx

On the afternoon of 1 July, some 40 people protested after the closing of the electoral booths in front of the headquarters of the local Council of the Federal Electoral Institute (IFE) in Oaxaca de Juárez to demand that they be given electoral forms so that they could vote, given that they could not do so in the special booths due to lack of forms.  Units from the federal and preventive state police deployed in the streets donning anti-riot gear to protect the electoral institute from possible acts of violence.

Led by Roberto Chagoya and Lucio López Hernández, the citizens who demanded their right to vote in special booths, due to the fact that they do not reside in the capital city, called for ballots “so that we can have the right to vote.”  López Hernández handed in a written form in which he details that around 12pm on the day of the elections, they went to the module of the Special Prosecutorial Office for Attention to Electoral Crimes (FEPADE) located in the zócalo of the capital to denounce that there were not enough ballots.  Instead of receiving them, however, the FEPADE officials called the police.  The protestors also demanded the presence of councilors to hand over to them a document with 500,000 signatures “so that they give us ballots to vote.”  López Hernández said that “we do not want to hurt anyone; we only want electoral forms, as there are none in the booths.”  In Oaxaca, 7 of the 47 special booths installed were set up in the capital city.  Each one had 750 ballots and 14 other forms for representatives of political parties.

Marina Méndez, from Ocotlán de Morelos, assured that in the special booths that is installed in the Defense Institute for the Human Rights of the People of Oaxaca (DDHPO) she was also told that the ballots had run out.

Other citizens reported to the Noticias newspaper that they took the decision to write a number on their forearm in light of the disorganization of those in charge of the booths, as they did not know the extent to which the ballots were limited.

In contrast to these accounts, the State Attorney General’s Office reported that none of the Regional Subprocurations nor the State Prosecutorail Office for Attention to Electoral Crimes, which is affiliated with the IFE, had received notice as of 8pm on 1 July of denunciations or incidences related with the electoral process.

For more information (in Spanish):

Las Casillas Especiales, las de mayor problema; insuficientes las boletas (Página3.mx, 1 de julio de 2012)

Casillas especiales, dolor de cabeza (Noticiasnet.mx, 1 de julio de 2012)

Enardece a ciudadanos falta de boletas en casillas especiales(Noticiasnet.mx, 1 de julio de 2012)

Inédita protesta por falta de boletas en casillas especiales(Noticiasnet.mx, 2 de julio de 2012)

En 4 municipios de Oaxaca deciden no votar como protesta (Milenio, 1 de julio de 2012)

En Oaxaca funcionarios de casillas fueron amenazados de muerte (E-Oaxaca, 3 de julio de 2012)

Reporta gobierno de Oaxaca saldo blanco durante proceso electoral(ADNSureste, 1 de julio de 2012)